The most common types of plastic molding precess used for large scale manufacturing is injection molding process. Injection molding processis a manufacturing process for producing parts from both thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic materials. Material is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mould cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the mould cavity. After a product is designed, usually by an industrial designer or an engineer, moulds are made by a mouldmaker from metal, usually either steel or aluminum, and precision-machined to form the features of the desired part.
Injection molding process is by far the most widely used process of forming thermoplastic materials. It is also one of the oldest. Currentlyinjection molding process accounts for 30% of all plastics resin consumption. Since raw material can be converted by a single procedure, injection moulding is suitable for mass production of plastics articles and automated one-step production of complex geometries. In most cases, finishing in not necessary. Typical products include toys, automotive parts, household articles, and consumer electronics goods.
A typical injection molding process consists of five phases:
1. Injection or molding filling
2. Packing or compression
3. Holding
4. Cooling
5. Part ejection
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